Solar cells are the smallest unit of a solar panel. Understanding how a solar cell works easily if you know how a P-N junction diode works? Do you know that? I know most of you know that. However, I will explain how solar cell works in step by step using images. You can also watch the video I embedded below. Solar cells, also called photovoltaic cells are made up of semiconductors, materials that have a conductivity between that of an insulator and conductor. In essence, a solar cell is a junction of two dissimilar semiconducting materials, known as p-type and n-type semiconductors. Both of these can be made from crystalline silicon. Dopping Since silicon on its own does not conduct electricity other atoms are added to silicon’s structure. This process of adding other atoms called impurities to silicon structure is called doping. Pure silicon has a diamond-like structure called silicon lattice. Its four valence bond electrons allow it to perfectly bond to four of its silicon neighbors...
The Renewable Energy Specialist